Suppose v1,v2,v3,v4v_{1}, v_{2}, v_{3}, v_{4} spans VV. Prove that the list

v1v2,v2v3,v3v4,v4v_{1}-v_{2}, v_{2}-v_{3}, v_{3}-v_{4}, v_{4}

also spans VV.


We have v4v_4, and v3=(v3v4)+v4v_3 = (v_3 - v_4) + v_4 so we can also reach v3v_3 from our vectors, continue like this: v2=(v2v3)+v3v_2 = (v_2 - v_3) + v_3 and v1=(v1v2)+v2v_1 = (v_1 - v_2) + v_2
Now, any vVv \in V can be written v=a1v1++a4v4v = a_1 v_1 + \dots + a_4v_4 since (v1,v4)(v_1, \dots v_4) spans VV, substitute the v's in terms of our new list to get v=b1(v1v2)+b2(v2v3)+b3(v3v4)+b4v = b_1 (v_1 - v_2) + b_2(v_2-v_3) + b_3(v_3-v_4) + b_4.