Suppose v1,,vmv_1,\dots,v_m is a linearly dependent list of vectors in VV. Suppose also that W{0}W \ne \{0\}. Prove that there exists w1,,wmWw_1,\dots,w_m \in W such that no TL(V,W)T \in \mathcal L(V,W) satisfies Tvk=wkTv_k = w_k for each k=1,,mk=1,\dots,m.


Let w0w \ne 0 be a vector in WW. Our plan is to set wk=λkww_k = \lambda_k w in such a way that defining Tvk=wkTv_k = w_k leads to a contradiction because of dependence.

By 2.21 we can find the first dependent vector vjv_j with

vj=a1v1++aj1vj1v_j = a_1v_1+\dots+a_{j-1}v_{j-1}

Define w1,,wjw_1,\dots,w_j so that

wj=a1w1++aj1wj1w_j = a_1w_1+\dots+a_{j-1}w_{j-1}

Then having Tvk=wkTv_k = w_k would not be a valid linear transformation. Since using it leads to a contradiction when we apply it to both sides of

vj=a1++aj1vj1v_j = a_1 + \dots + a_{j-1}v_{j-1}

And use linearity.